However, some racing 50cc motorcycles can pack a punch, getting up to 15,000 rpm, with anywhere from 10 to 20 HP. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Car manufacturers are constantly playing with all of the following variables to make an engine more powerful and/or more fuel efficient. I would think the area most likely to fail would be the clutch/spur gear area. Click the video to check it out. Horsepower alone isn't going to wreck the drive, or stress it that muchwhat does it is the starting and stopping as the motor has to haul the thing up to speed. The SS diff is pletny strong enough as there is a 62cc engine out for the baja and it seems to handle that power well enough. A first service comes at 400km, a second at 2000km and then every 3000km after that. You are using an out of date browser. If you want to get a speed pack for your scooter, click here. However, this conversion may be offset by certain features, like supercharging and exhaust turbo boosting. A 49cc moped is going to be able to hit a top speed of 30 miles per hour. You can use that energy for interesting purposes. The track width seems good too as the ally sheet i have is 1m x 50cm x 6mm, iv yet to cut it to size and shape as i want all the parts with me before i begin. If you are in the state of California, use a 2-cycle oil mix ratio of 40:1. Now that you know how an engine works, you can understand the basic things that can keep an engine from running. When it comes to day-to-day car maintenance, your first concern is probably the amount of gas in your car. The tighter you screw the bolt, the lower the maximum speed will be set. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. If you happen to break a part on your ATV, depending on which part, it can be covered under the 6-months parts replacement warranty. What type oil in a mercruiser stern drive. Fatter tyres than some mean the Longjia is not quite as upset by such bumps and dips, but its still better to avoid them as the basic suspension set-up can send a few jolts through the bars and seat. You should look at making the transmission as robust as possibleand also as simple as possible. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. How fast does a 49cc 2 stroke motor go? What to do if my ATV does not stay on? Heres an easy way to understand how an engine creates power. velocity is now a node property, along with up_direction, etc. Besides gas, what else powers your car? I'm pretty sure the SS diff from the baja would suffice but you would need to upgrade the diff cups to something like the Phat Dad cups. I think this is true beceause Ian @ MMR told me when i bought a 5t. For example, the catalytic converter uses a catalyst and oxygen to burn off any unused fuel and certain other chemicals in the exhaust. Brynjolfsnewprotege, Thursday at 18:49 Perfection is not required to make an engine run, but you'll probably notice when things are less than perfect. "A Short Course on Automobile Engines." Spark If you increase the air fuel mixture. What the MMR tuned motor won't do is to pull a 125Kg motorcycle with an adult or two on board. Would Baja diffs be ok, i can get driveshafts ect made but i dont want to spend the money on diffs if they will be ripped to pieces the moment i open the throttle. This value will typically be provided on the engine. Or they get stuck barley crawling up hills while traffic stacks up behind them. Scooter Carburetor for 43cc, 49cc, & 52cc Engines with 15 mm Intake. You can use that energy for interesting purposes. CC to HP Example 1 First, determine the total CCs. BikeBerry.com technician, Jonny, goes over tips and tricks on how to install a 49cc or 50cc 4-stroke engine kit on a standard beach cruiser. The four-stroke approach is also known as the Otto cycle, in honor of Nikolaus Otto, who invented it in 1867. 49cc ATV Setup & Troubleshooting! Regular unleaded gasoline works just fine, however we recommend to use unleaded premium gasoline for best performance and a healthier ATV. The engine is timed so that only one cylinder receives a spark from the distributor at a time. How many horsepower does a 49cc engine have? Pour gasoline first, and oil second! . You'll learn the details on how to make your 49/50cc scooter 5-10 MPH faster. They are intake stroke, compression stroke, combustion stroke and exhaust stroke. Aside from the bargain basement price tag, to which youll have to the cost of courier delivery and registration, the Longjias 78kg weight makes it very easy to move around when pushing it into parking spots or out of the garage. It is recommend that you change the engine oil every 300 to 360 miles. 49cc Two-stroke Air-cooled Gas Pocket Bike with Top Speed of 55km/h. Other key parts include the spark plug, valves, piston, piston rings, connecting rod, crankshaft and sump. The carburetor on a 50cc scooter is a important part of the engine, and it works together with the fuel injection system to provide power to the engine. Click Here to Check it Out. The ignition system (Figure 6) produces a high-voltage electrical charge and transmits it to the spark plugs via ignition wires. It may not display this or other websites correctly. BikeBerry.com technician, Jonny, goes over tips and tricks on how to install a 49cc or 50cc 4-stroke engine kit on a standard beach cruiser. More. This video shows a partial engine assembly and all of. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. This engine puts out 5-6 HP (horse power) and has a top speed of 25-35MPH (miles per hour) stock. To do this, air comes in the main body of the box through a vent that faces the front of the scooter, usually with a small hose on it. In a fuel-injected engine, the right amount of fuel is injected individually into each cylinder either right above the intake valve (port fuel injection) or directly into the cylinder (direct fuel injection). Its funny you mention kids toys and Go-Karts, i did think if mounting it on a Kettler Go Kart frame and sourcing better wheels for it but i really want a Touring/Rally Car. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. We'll look at how your car's engine starts, cools and circulates air in the next section. Here are some engine oil grades that youll find for your scooter in the market. Advanced aerodynamics and technologies, such as those used by Mazda in its SKYACTIV designs, put less stress on these smaller turbocharged engines, further increasing their efficiency and performance. Using all of this information, you can begin to see that there are lots of different ways to make an engine perform better. "Consumers Moving to 4-Cylinder Engines Amid High Gas Prices." High torque motor engine allowing the young riders to travel at speeds up from 15-20 mph depending on the terrain. It may help to give the ATV a little twist of the throttle on the 3rd quick pull if the ATV is hard to start. Now let's look at all the parts that work together to make this happen, starting with the cylinders. SJ10W-40 is the type of engine oil required for gas-powered 49cc scooters. stupar, July 30, 2022 There are different kinds of internal combustion engines. How to calculate horsepower with cc to hp? 5 How many horsepower is a 49cc bicycle engine? "How Do Car Engines Work?" It does not store any personal data. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. My EB4 has a Citroen Xsara shell on it as it is, i just fancied something different there, but id rather spend the money on this project as the EB4 is fine as it is. Next, we'll look at the engine subsystems that maintain what goes in (oil and fuel) and what comes out (exhaust and emissions). However, this conversion may be offset by certain features, like supercharging and exhaust turbo boosting. TaoTao ATM-50A1 49cc Gas Automatic Scooter 1.4 4. The engine consists of a fixed cylinder and . If this is the first time you are starting the ATV: In certain weather conditions, you may put the choke lever in the middle or lower position to help make it easier to start. A muffler dampens the sound. The formula for calculating the horsepower from these values is HP = t*RPM / 5252. Due to its simplicity, many owners do this work themselves, but any competent garage will be able to look after this scooter. What type of oil is recommended for this ATV? On the right side of your ATV, where your throttle is located, there is a bolt (as shown in image6 with red arrow below). If you purchased your scooter brand new, it is recommended that you not only change your engine oil, but your gear oil as well. This approach provides maximum smoothness. Now you can move on to removing the oil pump cable from the stock setup. A piston is a cylindrical piece of metal that moves up and down inside the cylinder. butterbean brings up a good point, by the way. How long is the break-in period for my ATV? I have sourced a chassis plate(an 8mm alloy sheet), the servos ect arent a problem but i can see getting diffs and wheels that will look and work right not being easy. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. As the crankshaft revolves, it has the effect of "resetting the cannon." In the video youll see the parts we use to increase each one of the 3 critical components to get more speed and power. 49cc Two-stroke Air-cooled Gas Pocket Bike with Top Speed of 55km/h. The more air fuel mixture we can cram in our engines the more power we can get our engines to produce. If the valves do not open and close at the right time or at all, air cannot get in and exhaust cannot get out, so the engine cannot run. The valves should be checked for proper gap which usually is .003" to .004". Just some things to keep in mind. How do I adjust the idle? If you want to learn more. Tao Tao 50cc Scooters. This figure represents your engines horsepower in cubic centimeters. It is not unheard of to reach 45 mph on a two-stroke in particular. When you hear that a car has "dual exhaust," the goal is to improve the flow of exhaust by having two exhaust pipes instead of one. that's all you need to figure out which rear sprocket size will work for you. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. What are the physical state of oxygen at room temperature? Leave a comment!Credits:\"Cool Rock\" Kevin MacLeod\"Faster Does It\" Kevin MacLeod\"Wah Game Loop\" Kevin MacLeod\"Montego\" Kevin MacLeod\"Funk Game Loop\" Kevin MacLeodLicensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ But V-6 engines still have their uses, and not only in performance cars. If you want to learn more. One of the best-selling scooters in the UK. All warrantable parts will be replaced at no cost, however customer must pay for shipping. When the ATV is brand new, the first 3-4 tanks of gas is the break-in period. July 10, 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20070823210145/http://www.foxnews.com:80/story/0,2933,288644,00.html, Collins, Dan. Since there are 15 to 17cc to every 1 horsepower, a 49cc engine typically has about 3 horsepower. Its going to have to be rear wheel drive only, but being as big as it will i dont see it being unstable, none more so than my EB4! If your sparkplug or the wire leading to it is worn out, the spark will be weak. Fuel/Oil: Unleaded Petrol and 2 Cycle Engine Oil Mixing. How fast is a 47cc 2 stroke engine? But you can reach even higher speeds on a 49cc scooter by doing a few small adjustments to it. Twitter. This engine puts out 5-6HP (horse power) and has a top speed of 25-35MPH (miles per hour) stock. So that inline four we mentioned at the beginning is an engine with four cylinders arranged in a line. Engine Start: Pull Start. It works in the same way it does in 3.x, but the function's parameters are now properties of the body. The intake or exhaust valves are not sealing properly, again allowing a leak during compression. HIGH PERFORMANCE: Unlike most standard bicycle engine kits, the BBR Tuning 66/80cc comes standard with high quality components designed to last. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The fuel system might be supplying too much or too little fuel to the mix, meaning that combustion does not occur properly. I have sourced a chassis plate(an 8mm alloy sheet), the servos ect arent a problem but i can see getting diffs and wheels that will look and work right not being easy. VED 19. The mirrors give a good view of whats behind and the headlight is well up to the job of illuminating the road ahead and making you visible to other road users. The lighter the piston, the less energy it takes. In order to remove the dummy pipe simply cut off the pipe with a handsaw or a micro grinder. swisstoe, 12 hours ago It turns off on its own. The valve train consists of the valves and a mechanism that opens and closes them. To make it easier for you Ive included a short video to teach you the basics. Though each unit refers to engine output, horsepower and cc are two fundamentally different measurements. Mixing oil and gas can be either a manual process where the operator physically mixes both components in a gas can, or an automatic process using oil injection systems. If it's a kit engine, they typically run about 7k or so redline. And Its Dangerous!! For example, for a 150 CC engine you would take 150 divided . A 49cc moped is going to be able to hit a top speed of 30 miles per hour. Then i think i need to have a live real axle with Drive cups attached to the ends so i can have suspension, either that or make it like a Mardave but that limits where i can use it to on road only. Fuel lines are usually made of plastic or rubber, but can also be made of other materials if needed. They are also known as fuel hoses. How do I properly start the ATV for the first time? I was speaking too a bloke at work about this and he is going too make a bigger scale car.he worked out/reckons best way is too do a mechanical diff and axles like a 1:1 scale car and do 4 wheel drive. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Our blog covers a range of topics related to engine oil, including the engine oil capacity for various cars, the importance of using the right oil type, and the impact that engine oil prices can have on overall vehicle health. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. How does the gas that you put in power the cylinders? in Introductions & Welcomes, By On the plus side, the scalloped shape of the seat holds the rider in the right position rather than tipping them forward as on some competitors. Your 49cc may produce a bit more torque and have some extra weight to pull but I think it should hold up. 15w40: This is the engine oil used in most motorcycles and scooters. Power: 1.2KW @6800 rpm. The more pistons there are pumping, the more combustive events are taking place during any given moment. Three fundamental things can happen: a bad fuel mix, lack of compression or lack of spark. Includes one year, unlimited mileage warranty, 50c four-stroke air-cooled single cylinder, carburettor, CVT automatic transmission, 2.5PS, 1.37Nm, Overall length:1690mmOverall width:640mmWheelbase:1220mmSeat height:760mmKerb weight:78kgTank capacity:6.0 litres. Engine Lubrication, Fuel, Exhaust and Electrical Systems. After the break-in period, you can run theATV as hard as you want! This quick fix tip will hopefully get you on the road again! They prevent the fuel/air mixture and exhaust in the combustion chamber from leaking into the sump during compression and combustion. Its a good way to commute or earn your licence without the worry of a larger financial outlay, though you will soon feel the urge for more performance and practicality. Torque is the enemy. Sign up to get the latest on sales, new releases and more . The Longjia LJ 50 QT-3L costs from 725 plus delivery and registration. As you can see, an engine has a number of systems that help it do its job of converting fuel into motion. Making a larger scale car means you are going to have more weight. Click here to download our Clutch Diagram http://bit.ly/1Ta42UW 151K views 24:27 18:37. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". in General RC, By For the more skilled rider and builder, there are reed kits and boost porting. Ignition Coil. Clear editor. Since this is a 2-stroke engine, you will need to mix oil and gas together. A timing belt or timing chain links the crankshaft to the camshaft so that the valves are in sync with the pistons. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Or you may visit https://www.belmontebikes.com/collections/parts to view a collection of OEM wear and tear parts for your ATV! This should be completed after your initial 90 miles has been . For that, theres an underseat bin thats also big enough to cope with an open-face helmet. For some, that purpose will be as a low-cost commuter and in this it excels. Learn how a 49cc or 66/80cc 2-stroke clutch works, plus fast and easy ways to fix any clutch problems. Since the turbocharger is reusing hot exhaust to spin the turbine and compress the air, it increases the power from smaller engines. Renegade TPGS-805 49cc Moped Scooter Are They Worth It? DO NOT USE DIESEL FUEL IN ATV! The emission control system in modern cars consists of a catalytic converter, a collection of sensors and actuators, and a computer to monitor and adjust everything. But there you go, the maximum theoretical HP output of a single cylinder 50cc two stroke engine is 515. The spark plug supplies the spark that ignites the air/fuel mixture so that combustion can occur. Based on the simple engine we have been discussing, here is a quick rundown on how these problems affect your engine: A bad fuel mix can occur in several ways: Lack of compression: If the charge of air and fuel cannot be compressed properly, the combustion process will not work like it should. Adly Scooters Owner's Manual. For example: In a properly running engine, all of these factors are working fine. What does 49cc stand for? The starting system consists of an electric starter motor and a starter solenoid. There was a largescale project Gravedigger on YouTube that used a moulding that just happened to be 'right'. Most engine subsystems can be implemented using different technologies, and better technologies can improve the performance of the engine. How many horsepower is a BBR tuning 66 / 80cc engine? That is why high-performance cars generally need high-octane gasoline their engines are using higher compression ratios to get more power. This video will explain step by step what you have to do to replace cl. If you have an account, sign in now to post with your account. What happens to atoms during chemical reaction? In this article, we'll discuss the basic idea behind an engine and then go into detail about how all the pieces fit together, what can go wrong and how to increase performance. Anyone who rides a 49/50cc scooter will say to themselves at some point how can I make my scooter faster? It can rotate at both ends so that its angle can change as the piston moves and the crankshaft rotates. JavaScript is disabled. They're pretty cheap at an auto parts store. Please use 2-Stroke Motorcycle or Lawnmower Oil ONLY! Belmonte Bikes Againyou might luck out. Three fundamental things can happen: a bad fuel mix, lack of compression or lack of spark. Engine Cooling, Air-intake and Starting Systems, All of the internal friction caused by the piston rings, The compression pressure of any cylinder(s) that happens to be in the compression stroke, The energy needed to open and close valves with the camshaft. Underneath the bars is a storage tray with bag hook, though its open to the elements, so you wont want to leave your phone or wallet in there. Hi! You can post now and register later. Air Flow Every engine no matter what the size has to have an increase in air flow to generate more horsepower. With a basic price that would struggle to bag you a middling mountain bike, its little wonder the Longjia LJ 50 QT-3L has been one of the best-selling scooters in recent times. The Two-stroke Cycle. The connecting rod connects the piston to the crankshaft. Inject the fuel: Fuel injection allows very precise metering of fuel to each cylinder. More. "How Car Engines Work" What are 3 examples of relative location? If you run out of oil, the piston cannot move up and down freely in the cylinder, and the engine will seize. Has anyone here ever tried such a project, iv seen plenty of twin engined nitros but i want something different and i could do with a project to get my teeth into. I have enough problems trying to find an EB4 Rally shell that i dont have to spend. I was wondering if there was a way to determine engine RPM based off of speed and the gear ratio that I am running on my 2 stroke 49cc motor bike. When the piston reaches the top of its stroke, the, Once the piston hits the bottom of its stroke, the exhaust valve opens and the. Thanks for the reply, tbh i thought i was gonna get laughed at! Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Most 50cc scooters come with a restricted engine, which limits the bike to a top speed of 30mph (48kph). I have a quick question for you all. DO NOT USE DIESEL FUEL IN ATV! You would tighten this bolt to your preference. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. When done riding the ATV, do not turn off! I get 80mpg roughly. http://www.youtube.com/user/skopod#p/u/5/HBOAvsAVqi4. The oil then trickles down into the sump, where it is collected again and the cycle repeats. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The Easiest Way To Get More Speed From Your 49cc Scooter. The starter motor must overcome: Because so much energy is needed and because a car uses a 12-volt electrical system, hundreds of amps of electricity must flow into the starter motor. A car engine can look like a big confusing jumble of metal, tubes and wires to the uninitiated. Locate the oil tank and remove it. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Regular unleaded gasoline works just fine, however we recommend to use unleaded premium gasoline for best performance and a healthier ATV. X-PRO Oahu 50cc 1.3 3. Youll also find a link at the bottom of this article to a 4 part video series where youll learn in detail how your scooter engine works and how to get the maximum speed and horsepower from it. How you transfer the power to the diff is going to be important. As part of our commitment to keeping our customers informed, we have created a blog that focuses on engine oil types and capacities for different vehicles. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Older vehicles were carbureted, where gas and air were mixed by a carburetor as the air flowed into the engine. Maximum Speed: Up to 20mph (varies depending on ground, driving style, and rider weight). Without a muffler, what you would hear is the sound of thousands of small explosions coming out your tailpipe. Check Out this 4 Part Video Series. Whats the top speed of a 50cc moped? If you are going larger than 1/5 scale, there are some things you could consider. This is the. High-performance exhaust systems use headers, big tail pipes and free-flowing mufflers to eliminate back-pressure in the exhaust system. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". In the next few paragraphs. Each cylinder contains a piston that pumps inside of it and those pistons connect to and turn the crankshaft. The cams on the shaft activate the valves directly or through a very short linkage. If you fail to do this you are wasting speed and horse power. Next, we'll learn what can go wrong with engines. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. The camshaft is geared to turn at one-half the rate of the crankshaft. Torque: 2.0Nm @4500 rpm. The main part of a 50cc scooter's carb is the bowl or chamber where you place your fuel. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Let air come in more easily: As a piston moves down in the intake stroke, air resistance can rob power from the engine. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Let's look at some key engine parts in more detail. The carburetor contains different parts that work together to provide fuel and air mixture to the engine. Given they are controlled by using an Automatic transmission, they are very quick indeed. Or perhaps you are buying a new car, and you hear things like "2.5-liter incline four" and "turbocharged" and "start/stop technology." Just remember to tell your insurer if you do this. but you will need it to. Fuel/Oil: Unleaded Petrol and 2 Cycle Engine Oil Mixing. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". After break-in, the ATV will start up with only one or two pull procedures. Too much throttle is being given to the ATV, which makes it want to run on its own. By Since there are 15 to 17cc to every 1 horsepower, a 49cc engine typically has about 3 horsepower. Any questions about the installation? You can increase displacement by making the cylinders bigger or by adding more cylinders. Some sites say: The 49 cc four stroke supposedly gets 2.5 hp. So a fuel-sipping four-cylinder can see horsepower that you might expect a six-cylinder engine to put out while getting 10 to 30 percent better fuel economy. How many cc is a 5 hp motor? The dynamometer will measure both the torque output and the RPM (revolutions per minute) of the engine and then it calculates the horsepower from those values. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. We created this blog to share our expertise with vehicle owners who want to keep their cars running smoothly and efficiently. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. That 49cc motor probably isn't producing a huge amount of powerbut it will be torquier. This is your idle screw! That's where the torque is going to hit hardest. Let's look at the internal combustion process in more detail in the next section. Click Here. You also get a rear luggage rack included in the price but you have to fork out extra for the top box to go on it. You would need to build a wooden pattern and then take a mould off it. Use red arrow to determine which line to fill the gas up to; and use yellow arrow to determine which line to fill oil up to. Any help would be appreciated. The principle behind any reciprocating internal combustion engine: If you put a tiny amount of high-energy-density fuel (like gasoline) in a small, enclosed space and ignite it, an incredible amount of energy is released in the form of expanding gas. If you're smaller or there are not a lot of hills where you live, maybe not such a big deal. Good luck! Motorized Bicycle Engine Kit Forum. For starters, its 49cc engine is as simple as a rock thanks to its four-stroke design, so theres no need for more labour intensive fuel mixing or maintenance thats part and parcel of a two-stroke motor. 6 How to calculate horsepower with cc to hp? That is about 16.4cc Per horsepower. Find Out Here, How to Keep Your Scooter from Getting Stolen. Just so, how many horsepower is a 50cc engine? Unfortunately.. All together I spent $40 bucks (I already had a 49cc with electric start built in = 1 wire . Mix oil and gas at a 25:1 ratio using the mixing bottle provided with the ATV. Almost every car with a gasoline engine uses a four-stroke combustion cycle to convert gasoline into motion. Exhaust Pipe. I have an idea to make my own scratch built Petrol powered touring car using a 49cc engine from a mini-moto. Note that both valves are closed during compression and combustion so that the combustion chamber is sealed. However, all of the bar controls are exactly as youd expect and the clear dash comes with a petrol gauge. Ok, thank you very much for the tip! Most cars are normally aspirated, which means that air flows through an air filter and directly into the cylinders. If you are over the 6-month period, please contact 1-855-912-5552 and explain your situation, or please visit https://www.belmontebikes.com/collections/parts to view a collection of OEM parts for your ATV! However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. What type of gas does a mini bike take? Lets learn the 3 basic components your scooter engine needs to generate more speed and power. If the wire is cut or missing, or if the system that sends a spark down the wire is not working properly, there will be no spark. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Thank you for your help!! A disc front brake gives reasonable stopping power, while a drum at the rear betrays this scooters budget origins. Starting may require several tries when the ATV is still new. There might be an impurity in the fuel (like water in your gas tank) that prevents the fuel from burning. Let the ATV sit for a few minutes while it empties all the excess gas. Maximum Speed: Up to 20mph (varies depending on ground, driving style . You can compare this animation to the animations in the car engine and diesel engine articles to see the differences.